Messages In This Digest (8 Messages)
- 1.
- Autumn Riddle Solved From: Deepak Punjabi
- 2.
- Boo! World's Cutest Dog!!!!!!!!!!! From: Deepak Punjabi
- 3.
- An Autumn To Remember From: Deepak Punjabi
- 4.
- Short Jockey. Tall Cricketers. From: Deepak Punjabi
- 5.
- ANOTHER satellite to crash land soon... From: Jayac
- 6.
- Effective tax rates From: Hitesh Shah
- 7a.
- *STILL LIFE*_* From: TUNA
- 8.
- The Worlds Biggest Airplanes! From: Srishti
Messages
- 1.
-
Autumn Riddle Solved
Posted by: "Deepak Punjabi" indigoblue2005@yahoo.com indigoblue2005
Sat Oct 1, 2011 4:04 am (PDT)
Seeing red: Scientists solve riddle of why autumn leaves fall off and are different shades in Europe and North America
By Rob Waugh/ Daily Mail Science And Tech
Last updated at 12:59 AM on 1st October 2011
Leaves changing colour and then floating to the ground before winter sets
in is a familiar and beautiful autumn sight.And captured here is the contrast
between birch trees (yellow), beech (red) and evergreen pines in a
forest near Gdynia in Poland's Pomerania. But
scientists now believe they have answered the question of why plants
might expend energy producing red pigment in leaves only for them to
fall off and why they tend to be a brighter red colour in North America
than in Europe.As leaves die, the chorophyll inside
them - used by the plants to photosynthesise - diminishes. Yellow and
orange pigments become visible. But some plants actually produce a new
pigment called anthocyanin - a vivid red colour, seen here in the beech
trees on the outside of the picture.
A view over a lake in a forest with trees
changing colour in Autumn in Kashubia. The contrast between the
evergreens and deciduous trees shows how different plant families
evolved to cope with local conditions
A new study has found trees evolved
to become deciduous after a series of ice ages and dry spells and their
leaves were turned red to help protect against insects that
attacked them.
But the key difference in North America
was as the ice age went on plants and insects were able to migrate fairly freely while in Europe the plants became trapped in
ice, along with herbivorous insects, meaning the majority of these bugs
largely died out.
So according scientist Simcha Lev-Yadun of the
University of Haifa, Israel. 'The anti-herbivore component in red leaf
colouration was relaxed, and Northern Europe became dominated by trees
with yellow autumn leaves,' but North American trees continued to need the bright red to fight the insects, he says.
A person walks past the trees at Westonbirt
Arboretum, near Tetbury, Gloucestershire, where the leaves are beginning
to change to their Autumn colours.
A dogwalker passes trees in the same area, which will turn from red to yellow quickly compared to U.S. trees
It seems nonsensical that a plant
might 'decide' to spend energy on a pigment for leaves that are about to
drop off. But a series of recent scientific papers provide the answer,
according to an essay, published in New Scientist this week.The
pigment isn't an unnecessary 'expense' - in fact, for some plants, it's
an essential tool for survival. It also 'explains' why the changing of
the seasons can have markedly different colours depending on where in
the world you are. William
Hoch of Montana State University found that the pigment had a function -
it allowed the plants to send nutrients to the roots for winter. If
they 'blocked' plants from producing it, their leaves became vulnerable
to sunlight.
The
reason for this was revealed in a study of sweetgum and red maple by a
team in North Carolina, led by Martha Eppes. She found that leaves in
nutrient-poor soils tend to be redder - to shield leaves for longer, and
allow them to 'keep doing their job' of sending nutrients to the roots.
This American tree stays a distinct red for longer as it fights insects not really found in Europe
- 2.
-
Boo! World's Cutest Dog!!!!!!!!!!!
Posted by: "Deepak Punjabi" indigoblue2005@yahoo.com indigoblue2005
Sat Oct 1, 2011 4:12 am (PDT)
The Daily Mail's Lina Das was granted a 15-minute audience with Boo
Boo may look like a teddy bear and be unable to sing, dance or act to any
discernible degree (although let’s face it, that hasn’t stopped most X
Factor contestants), but he is one of the fastest-growing stars, not
only in America but across the globe.
He has nearly two million Facebooks
fans, a publicist, a book deal, and TV and film offers to his name, as
well as a host of celebrity admirers, including socialite Paris Hilton.
He has appeared on the breakfast show Good Morning America and the normally serious-minded Time magazine
called him ‘aww-worthy’.
Sporting fan: Boo is a fan of baseball team The
Cubs, left, and promoting the We Day movement, a charitable initiative
of Free the Children
Shy guy: Despite Boo's popularity, his owner has chosen to stay anonymous and is only known as Jennifer
All wrapped up: Boo looks more like an exotic bear than a dog
Ladies man: Boo has celebrity fans including Reality TV star Khloe Kardashian and singer Ke$ha
Suited and booted: Boo is looking smart
Dog day out : Boo takes a trip to the Tory Burch store in New York
Snug: Boo relaxes in a cushion
Peek-a-Boo: The little fella says hello
Give us a smile: Boo wearing an Operation Smile hat and with a big fluffy head
- 3.
-
An Autumn To Remember
Posted by: "Deepak Punjabi" indigoblue2005@yahoo.com indigoblue2005
Sat Oct 1, 2011 4:21 am (PDT)
Has there ever been an autumn like this? Forget the euro and those
tedious party conferences and enjoy this stupendous Riviera weather
By Stephen Moss
Last updated at 11:19 PM on 30th September 2011
October has
begun, but much of Britain is basking in mid-summer sunshine. Here, in
a glorious evocation of autumn in a Somerset village, naturalist
STEPHEN MOSS captures the sense of wonder that this weekend â€" amid so
much otherwise depressing news â€" will lift all of our hearts . . . Most
autumns we enjoy a classic ‘Indian summer’ here on the Somerset
Levels. Temperatures still plummet by night and mornings dawn cool under
clear blue skies, but as days progress, a southerly breeze and the soft
warmth of the sun belie the lateness of the season.Some days, the only reason we know it’s not May or June is the absence of swallows twittering in the skies above. And
it’s on just such a morning that 100 or so villagers gather in the
parish church for the annual Harvest Festival. This year, as every year,
we all came together to celebrate the tradition, tucking into a feast
of cold meats, salads and local cider; followed by games, a children’s
tea party and an evening concert â€" the nearest we get around here to the
world of rock ’n’ roll.
Stunning: The foliage in the New Forest's Exbury Gardens was at its glorious best
Mellow and magical: A bucolic vista in St James's Park in Central London this week
Unseasonable: Rowers take advantage of the warm weather on the River Wear in Durham
The church
sits in a landscape steeped in history, of both the natural and the
human kind. This is where King Arthur is said to be buried, where King
Alfred burned the cakes, and where the last pitched battle was fought on
English soil, at Sedgemoor on July 6, 1685.Like
so many an English village, it’s a place where foxes chase rabbits,
badgers grub up worms and jackdaws potter noisily around the ancient
churchyard. But our small fields, with their watery boundaries, create a
unique environment for more unusual plants and animals to thrive, too.Until
a fortnight or so ago, reed warblers sang their rhythmic, scratchy song
from the ditches. But now fields are filled with visiting redwings, shy
roe deer pass almost unnoticed and, at dusk, a barn owl floats over
fields on soft, silent wings.But
there’s nothing silent about this particular morning. After the
service, we take a family walk down the lane behind our home in search
of perhaps our last haul of blackberries.
Just stunning: The sun sets on a beautiful day in Brighton - people enjoy the last moments at low tide neat the West Pier
Isolated: A paddle boarder enjoys last night's sunset in south Devon
According
to ancient folklore, Old Michaelmas Day, October 11, is the day the
Devil spits on blackberries, making them inedible. With our hands soon
mauve with juice and the excited children collecting impressive
scratches, the tasting of the current crop confirms that, while small,
the blackberries are still sweet and tasty.Tonight
we will enjoy blackberry-and-apple pie made with home-grown cooking
apples and the fruits of our blackberrying labours; a fitting end to the
day when we stood in church to give thanks for the food we eat.
Dawn: A man walks through the morning mist on Hampstead Heath in north London
Walkies: A man and his dog enjoy the morning mist on Hampstead Heath
Taking a break: A runner in Hampstead Heath, takes time out of her jog to soak up the sun in north London
Red hot: Artists Sonia Canals (left) and Julie-Anne Gilburt enjoy the unseasonably beautiful weather on Brighton seafront.
- 4.
-
Short Jockey. Tall Cricketers.
Posted by: "Deepak Punjabi" indigoblue2005@yahoo.com indigoblue2005
Sat Oct 1, 2011 4:27 am (PDT)
Where's Willie? Legendary jockey Carson is dwarfed by England cricketers at fundraiser
By Daily Mail Reporter
Last updated at 12:56 AM on 1st October 2011
It must have made the conversation rather awkward.
Jockey
turned television horse racing pundit Willie Carson may have been a
giant in his sport, but he was left in the shade when he bumped into two
towering England cricketers at a fundraising dinner at Lord’s.
Carson, 68, who is just 5ft tall, was dwarfed by 6ft 7in Steve Finn and 6ft 6in Stuart Broad.
Spot the jockey: Steve Finn, Willie Carson and
Stuart Broad at a fundraising dinner at Lord's for The Broad Appeal, in
aid of Motor Neurone Disease
The photo has not been manipulated in any way.
The event was in aid of
The Broad Appeal, which was set up by Stuart and his family to raise
money for sufferers of Motor Neurone Disease after his mother Miche died
from the condition last year.
More familiar surroundings: Willie Carson prepares for the Derby in 1992
- 5.
-
ANOTHER satellite to crash land soon...
Posted by: "Jayac" jayac@unknown.com freelance_kandy_mickey
Sat Oct 1, 2011 6:24 pm (PDT)
ANOTHER satellite to crash land soon...
ANOTHER satellite to crash land soon, and the odds of it hitting someone are even higher
By TED THORNHILL
Last updated at 5:13 PM on 30th September 2011
The world was gripped by the Nasa UARS satellite that fell back to Earth last Saturday â€" and now there’s another that’s plummeting back from orbit.
In late October or early November a Germany astronomy satellite â€" called ROSAT- will plunge uncontrolled back to Earth.
While slightly smaller than UARS, the German satellite is expected to have more pieces survive re-entry. The German space agency estimated that it has a 1-in-2000 chance of hitting someone - higher than the 1-in-3,200 odds NASA gave for UARS.
Heavens above: An artist's impression of the ROSAT satellite, which is expected to plunge to Earth in the near future
The German ROSAT satellite was launched in 1990, 'died' in 1998 and weighs two and a half tonnes.
The German space agency estimates that 30 pieces weighing less than two tons will survive re-entry. Debris may include sharp mirror shards.
The German space agency puts the odds of somebody somewhere on Earth being hurt by its satellite at 1-in-2,000 â€" a slightly higher level of risk than was calculated for the Nasa satellite.
Again, it seems certain that information on when - or where - the satellite might land will be scant.
Bus-sized: New U.S. Air Force calculations put the six-tonne satellite's death plunge on early Saturday thousands of miles from northwestern North America, where there were reports of sightings
But any one individual's odds of being struck are 1-in-14trillion.
Heiner Klinkrad, head of the Space Debris Office at the European Space Agency, said in a webcast posted on the German Aerospace Center's website: ‘It is not possible to accurately predict ROSAT's re-entry.
‘The uncertainty will decrease as the moment of re-entry approaches. It will not be possible to make any kind of reliable forecast about where the satellite will actually come down until about one or two hours before the fact.’
Experts believe that two dozen metal pieces from the bus-sized Nasa satellite fell over a 500-mile span in the Pacific Ocean.
It began hitting the water southwest of Christmas Island.
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A SATELLITE FALLS TO EARTH?
Astronomer Dr Ian Griffin, from the UK Association of Science and Discovery Centres, says the Earth's atmosphere slows down falling satellites a great deal.
Much of any satellite crashing to Earth will be disintegrated by heat, caused by friction with the atmosphere. It's the reason we get shooting stars - created by meteors burning up in the upper atmosphere.
Space vehicles experience incredible stress on re-entry. The load can be as much as 10Gs. An F1 car experiences around 5Gs with maximum braking from high speed.
The reason why the location of a crash site is so hard to predict is because the density of the atmosphere varies so greatly higher up, producing different amounts of drag.
A prediction that was wrong by even a few minutes would mean the satellite landing a huge distance away, owing to its speed.
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencet ech/article- 2043846/ROSAT- ANOTHER-satellit e-crash-land- weeks-time. html
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- 6.
-
Effective tax rates
Posted by: "Hitesh Shah" confusdesi@gmail.com confusdesi
Sat Oct 1, 2011 6:26 pm (PDT)
*Which governments take the biggest chunk from a $100,000 salary?*
DENMARK has the highest rate of income tax for a person earning $100,000,
according to a survey of effective tax rates in 93 countries published on
September 29th by KPMG, an accounting firm. But employee social-security
contributions in Denmark are only 0.2%, and once such contributions are
taken into account, high earners in several countries, including Belgium,
Greece, Germany and France, take home less than the Danes. Belgium's
government grabs the highest share from earnings of $100,000, at almost 48%.
Between 2003 and 2009, the highest tax rates on personal income declined.
But last year they increased by 0.4% as governments sought to reduce
deficits. Sickly euro-zone economies such as Iceland, Ireland, Spain and
Portugal were among the countries who levied more on their top earners.
Countries that have suffered natural disasters, like Japan, may introduce
temporary taxes.*
*
- 7a.
-
*STILL LIFE*_*
Posted by: "TUNA" tuna.34@gmail.com tunaysem
Sat Oct 1, 2011 6:34 pm (PDT)
- 8.
-
The Worlds Biggest Airplanes!
Posted by: "Srishti" colmaxed@yahoo.com colmaxed
Sat Oct 1, 2011 10:21 pm (PDT)
Hi,
For a few thousand years the biggest things in the skies were only in
our imaginations, flying figments of myth and fable: the Roc from
Sinbad's tales, the Garuda bird from the Mahabharata, the
Thunderbird from North America, the Brazilian Blue Crow, and other
high-flying nightmares or soaring benevolent gods and spirits.
See it here - http://www.funonthenet.in/articles/ biggest-airplane s.html
<http://www.funonthenet.in/articles/ >biggest-airplane s.html
Good stuff!
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